Perché non bisogna dare il pane agli uccellini quando fa freddo?
Quando arriva l’inverno e il freddo, soprattutto con il sopraggiungere della neve, la tentazione è quella di allestire sul balcone un punto dove gli uccellini selvatici possano trovare del cibo. Il problema è cosa scegliere come cibo da metterci dentro. La maggior parte delle persone, convinte di fare un’opera di bene, riempie la ciotola di pane, qualcuno arriva anche a metterci del Pandoro e del Panettone. E’ ovvio che gli uccellini così mangiano, ma questo tipo di alimentazione non è adatta a loro, soprattutto se questi cibi vengono somministrati di continuo.
Pane agli uccellini d’inverno? Meglio di no
Perché si dice di non dare il pane agli uccellini d’inverno? La motivazione che spesso viene fornita è quella che quest’accumulo di pane finisce finisce col richiamare troppa acqua, provocando così un blocco che impedisce la digestione del bolo. Questo blocco provoca poi un’eccessivo richiamo di sangue e calore nella zona con aumentato rischio di ipotermia (un po’ come quando noi sentiamo freddo subito dopo mangiato durante il picco della digestione). Qualcun altro sostiene, invece, che questo pane aumenti troppo di volume nel gozzo, provocando la morte improvvisa dell’uccellino.
Fatto sta che il pane, pur essendo una fonte di carboidrati indispensabili, insieme ai lipidi, per la sopravvivenza degli uccellini in inverno, non è una fonte adatta sul lungo periodo. Il rischio, infatti, è che la sola somministrazione di pane come si vede fare su molti balconi provochi delle gravi carenze nutrizionali negli uccellini, essendo troppo scarso di altri nutrienti.
Il problema, dunque, non è nell’emergenza: se nell’urgenza vi trovate a dare una minuscola briciolina di pane all’uccellino probabilmente non succederà nulla. Il problema nasce dal fatto che se continuate a dare a quell’uccellino giorno dopo giorno solo ed esclusivamente pane, ecco che sì, potrebbe morire, ma perché la sua dieta non è idonea. O se gli date mezza pagnotta tutta insieme intasando il gozzo (un po’ quello che accade con gli uccelli che mangiano il riso dopo i matrimoni). O ancora se mettete sul balcone un Pandoro tutto intero: non è che l’uccellino pensa “Oh, oggi ne mangio solo una briciola, non di più perché se no sto male”, no, lui ne mangia fino a intasarsi letteralmente.
A proposito dell’urgenza: con urgenza si intende “Ho trovato un uccellino che devo nutrire di sera o di domenica quando i negozi sono chiusi”. Questo vuol dire dargli quella briciola per quella mezza giornata necessaria a non far andare giù la glicemia e a far sì che i negozi tornino aperti. E vuol anche dire andare subito in un negozio per animali a prendere il cibo giusto il giorno dopo, non dopo una settimana che gli state dando il cibo sbagliato. Anche perché, nel frattempo, è probabile che sia già morto.
Se avete dei dubbi, chiedete sempre al vostro veterinario. E’ meglio chiedere prima di fare danni irreparabili, non dopo.
Cosa dar da mangiare agli uccellini?
Ma quindi se vogliamo creare una mangiatoia per aiutare gli uccellini selvatici d’inverno cosa dobbiamo metterci dentro? In realtà bisogna essere il più vari possibili in quanto ci sono specie sia granivore che insettivore (quest’ultime, comunque, vista la scarsità di materie prime, d’inverno tendono a mangiare più semi e bacche). La mangiatoia deve essere posizionata in alto, in modo che gatti e cani non possano accedervi (potete anche fare delle palline da inserire nelle retine dei limoni e appendere il tutto in alto). Inoltre deve avere anche una ciotola per l’acqua (controllate che non si ghiacci) e deve essere pulita.
Come alimenti dentro potete metterci:
- apposite miscele di semi vari che trovate in commercio
- pastoncini per granivori
- pastoncini per insettivori
- apposite palline di grasso che trovate in commercio (le trovate anche su Amazon)
- semi di girasole e di miglio
- noci e noccioline tagliate a pezzettini
- pinoli
- pezzettini di frutta fresca
Cibi vietati a cani e gatti: ecco cosa non dargli da mangiare dalla tavola di Natale
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